All these successive rulers avoided from associating themselves with their subjects, all of them excepting the Mallas who towards the latter part of the Malla period adopted the language and embraced the rich literature and culture of the Newahs. Almost all inscriptions of Lichchavi rulers consisting of even royal orders addressed to the people were written in Sanskrit showing their dislike of the language of their subjects. It was only towards the late 14th century or early 15th century that the Malla rulers gave recognition to the language of the subjects by incorporating Nepalbhasha into official documents. King Jayasthiti Malla issued Nyayavikashini ( the legal code ) in Sanskrit along with Nepalbhasha translation. A little later many Malla Kings, to cite some examples Siddhi Narsingh Malla of Lalitpur, Pratap Malla and Jaya Prakash Malla of Kantipur and Ranjit Malla of Bhaktapur principalities wrote excellent literary works, particularly dramas and poems in Nepalbhasha, adopted Nepalbhasha as their own language and embraced the culture of the Newah people. Yet they did not call themselves Newah, but addressed themselves as Malla Kings of Newah subjects.

But the peculiar feature of Newah society and Nepalese history is that each of the successive ruling families, when ousted from power by other invading dynasties, were magnaminously given shelter by the Newars and they amalgated themselves into the Newah society. The Kirat rulers, after their power was siezed by the Lichchhavis, merged themseves into the Newah community. Likewise theLichchhavis after being replaced by the Mallas as rulers of Nepal merged themselves into the Newah community. After the expansion of the Gorkha Kingdom and establishent of Shah dynasty´s rule throughout the territory of Nepal, the Malla ruling family comfortably merged themselves into the elite class of the Newahs i.e. the upper Shrestha community of the Newah. Thus we find that the Newah of Nepal, inspite of being the original inhabitants of their country, could never become the masters of their land. They were always the ruled subjects, exploited people, yet magnanimous enough to embrace into its fold the vanquished rulers throughout the course of history. As a result the Newah which was a homogenous community of Mongoloid stock turned in course of time into an ethnically heterogenous society of mixed stock, although vast majority of the Newah people are still now of Mongoloid stock .

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July 14th, 2015


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